Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Erzhi pills reverse PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma microenvironment

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24988

Figure Lengend Snippet: EZP enhanced the killing ability of T cells on melanoma cells. (A) Schematic of experimental design for co-culture experiments of Jurkat and A375 cells. Co-cultures at an effector-to-target (E:T) ratio of 10:1 were incubated for 72 h. (B) Crystal violet staining assay. (C) LDH release was measured by an LDH assay. (D) The secretion of IL-2 was measured in co-culture supernatants. n = 3–4. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ## P < 0.01 vs DMSO. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001 vs IFN-γ group. LDH, lactate dehydrogenase assay; IFN-γ, interferon-γ. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: For the crystal violet (CV) staining, cells were fixed with 4 % PFA and stained with 0.1 % CV (C0121, Beyotime, Shanghai, China) for 10 min and washed with distilled H 2 O to removed excessive staining solution.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Incubation, Staining, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay